Critically Endangered Animals of the Philippines

* Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi). Also known as the "Monkey-eating Eagle' or "Haribon," the Philippine Eagle is one of the rarest, largest and most powerful birds of the world. Its population is rapidly declining, with an estimated population of around 250 mature individuals. This bird is endemic to the Philippines.

* Isabela Oriole (Oriolus isabellae). The Isabela Oriole is endemic to Luzon, with populations spotted in the province of Bataan and in the northeast parts of the island. The destruction of lowland forests is assumed to be the main threat to the bird's existence.

* Dwarf Pygmy Goby (Pandaka pygmaea). Pandaka pygmaea, one of the world's smallest fishes in terms of mass, was discovered in Malabon River in Metro Manila. In 1996 it was assessed to be critically endangered.

* Mindoro Dwarf Water Buffalo (Bubalus mindorensis). The tamaraw is a small hoofed animal endemic to the island of Mindoro. It is the only bovine endemic to the Philippines, and the country's largest native land animal.

* Island Forest Frog (Platymantis insulata). This frog species is endemic to the South Gigante Island in central Philippines. Shifting agriculture and limestone quarrying are among the reasons identified which contribute to its decline.

* Risiocnemis seidenschwarzi. This damselfly species is endemic to Cebu, where an insect population was found near a stream. However, continued pollution of its habitat is threatening the insect's existence.

* Pait (Puntius amarus). Pait is one of the many ray-finned fishes identified as critically endangered in Lake Lanao. Some researchers even suggest the species' extinction.[citation needed]

* Cebu Flowerpecker (Dicaeum quadricolor). The Cebu flowerpecker is a small passerine bird endemic to Cebu. It was feared to have become extinct, but a population was rediscovered in 1992.

* Philippine Tarsier (Tarsius syrichta). Tarsier is known locally as the Maumag in Cebuano/Visayan, an endangered tarsier species endemic to the Philippines. Mostly found in the southeastern part of the archipelago, particularly in the islands of Bohol, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao. Its name is derived from its elongated "tarsus" or ankle bone.

* Palawan Bearded Pig (Sus ahoenobarbus). The Bearded Pig, also known as the Bornean Bearded Pig, is a species of pig. It can be recognized by its prominent beard. It also sometimes has tassels on its tail. It is primarily found in Southeast Asia—Sumatra, Borneo, the eastern Philippines—where it inhabits rainforests and mangrove forests.

* Visayan Warty Pig (Sus cebifrons). This pig species can be found only in the islands of Visayas, and thus, faces challenges to their survival in the wild, such as having a limited area to escape from predators, and the possible presence of invasive species.

* Philippine Spotted Deer - Rusa alfredi (sometimes classified as Cervus alfredi). The Visayan Spotted Deer (Cervus alfredi), also known as the Philippine Spotted Deer, is a species of deer that is native to the forests on Panay Island, part of the Visayas (island group) in Central Philippines. It is one of three species of deer native to the Philippines. About 70 were kept in captivity.

* Calamian Hog Deer (Axis calamianensis). The short coat is a uniform tawny brown in colouration, with males generally darkening with age. The subtle markings include a light patch on the throat just below the jowl, a white muzzle delineated by a darker band, and the white inner ears and surrounding ear base. The short, bushy tail has a white undersurface.

* Greater Mouse Deer (Tragulus napu ssp. nigricans). The Balabac Chevrotain or Mouse Deer is active at night. During the day, it stays in deeply shaded spots, among the dense vegetations, inside original forests, but may also be found inside the second growth forests close to Virgin forest.

* Philippine Crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis). Also known as the Mindoro crocodile and the Philippine freshwater crocodile. In the Philippines, it is strictly prohibited to kill a crocodile, but its status is critically endangered from exploitation and unsustainable fishing methods, such as dynamite fishing.

* Philippine Cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia). This bird, identifiable by its red feathers around its vent, is endemic to the Philippines. Its population suffered a massive decline due to habitat destruction and trapping for cage-bird trade.

* Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Continuous hunting and capture causes population decline in hawksbill sea turtle, despite its wide distribution. In the Philippines, hatchlings were sighted in the island of Boracay. [citation needed]

* Philippine Bare-backed Fruit Bat (Dobsonia chapmani). This bat is found in the islands of Negros and Cebu, where they survive in small numbers. Continued conversion of forests into sugar plantations negatively affect their species count.

* Philippine Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene rabori). Recorded only from Cebu, Negros and Sibuyan. Restricted to lowland forest, usually in primary forest but known to occur in secondary forest on Cebu. Known only from lightly-disturbed forest near sea-level.

* Golden-crowned Flying Fox (Acerodon jubatus). Widespread with the exception of the Palawan faunal region and the Batanes and Babuyan groups. Head and body length is 178-290 mm and forearm length is 125-203 mm; there is no tail.

* Mottled-Wing Flying Fox (Pteropus leucopterus). Faunal regions and Dinagat; records from Catanduanes, Dinagat and Luzon (Abra, Cagayan, Isabela, Laguna, Nueva Viscaya and Quezon provinces).

* Philippine Flying Lemur (Cynocephalus volans). They are cat-sized and a little smaller than the Malaysian flying lemurs. Fur coloration is usually darker and less spotted than in the Malaysian species.

* Ilin Bushy-Tailed Cloud Rat (Crateromys paulus). Known only with certainty from Ilin Island (south of Mindoro) (WSCP, 1997). In 1981, scientists described a new species called the Ilin Island cloud rat (C. paulus). It is much smaller than the C. schadenbergi; its tail is shorter than its head and body; and its range was a tiny island off the southwestern tip of Mindoro.

* Mt. Isarog Striped Rat (Chrotomys gonzalesi) . This rodent is endemic to Mount Isarog in Northern Luzon, and is threatened by continuous habitat destruction.

* Northern Luzon Shrew-mouse (Crunomys fallax). Known only from a single specimen taken at about 300m in the Sierra Madre of northern Luzon (Isabela Province); possibly confined to primary lowland forest.

* Panay Bushy-tailed Cloud Rat (Crateromys heaneyi). Puot. The local names given to them are yut-yut (Crateromys) and bu-ut (Phloemys). Feeds on tender young leaves in the forest canopy; slow moving but an excellent climber.

* Palawan Soft-furred Mountain Rat (Palawanomys furvus). Palawana faunal region; known only from Mt. Mantalingajan, Palawan Island.

* Northern Palawan Tree Squirrel (Sundasclurus juvencus). Recorded from the primary and secondary lowland forest of central (north of Abo-abo) and northern Palawan Island only.

* Negros Shrew (Crocidura negrina). Known only from six specimens taken in primary lowland and montane forest from ca. 500 m to 1450 m elevation in southern Negros.

* Dinagat Wood Shrew (Podogymnura aureospinula ). Moderately common in primary and secondary forest on Dinagat, but geographically restricted to an island where habitat destruction has been extensive.

* Palawan Binturong (Arctictis binturong ssp. whitei). Subspecies is endemic to Palawan, Philippines. They are found in the southeastern parts of Asia. They have one of the cutest faces in the animal kingdom, shaped like a sea lion's. They can hang by their tails like some monkeys.

* Philippine sailfin Lizard (Hydrosaurus pustulatus). Rain forests; never far from water • Philippine Islands. Found all over the Philippines except for Palawan.

* Philippine Pond Turtle (Heosemys leytensis). Mainly freshwater or semi-aquatic turtles. Adult turtles are omnivorous. The plastrons of emydines are usually solid with the exception of Emys, Emydoidea, and Terrapene, which have hinged plastrons, i.e. they can close their shells to some extent.

* Cebu Flowerpecker (Dicaeum quadricolor). Widely recognized as the rarest bird in the world. The four-inch bird, of which four individuals have been confirmed, was filmed as it fed on berries.

* Streaked-breasted Bulbul (Hypsipetes siquijorenesis). Common in remaining forests on Siquijor and Tablas (Kennedy et al., 2000): 3 races: cinereiceps Romblon and Tablas, montinola Cebu; siquijorensis Siquijor

* Isabela Oriole (Oriolus Isabellae). Poorly known but recorded in a canopy of lowland forest , especially bamboo forest, seen singly, in pairs or small groups and in mixed flocks. No breeding information except for specimens with enlarged gonads in April.

* White-throated Jungle-Flycatcher (Rhinomyias albigularis). Lowland forest to mid-mountain forest in Luzon.

* Negros Striped Babbler (Stachyris nigrorum). Mountain forest above 1000 meters in Negros. Found in all levels of montane forest above 1000m; singly or in groups, and sometimes in mixed floks. fairly noisy.

* Flame-templed Babbler (Stachyris speciosa). Found in forests, forest edge, second growth below 1000 m in Negros, Panay. It can be sighted near Casa Roro near Dumaguete.

* Black Shama (Copsychus cebuensis). Black Shama, locally called Siloy, is an eight-inch songbird that was thought to be extinct like most of the other species and sub-species that are endemic to Cebu only. This bird was declared as the Municipal Bird of Consolacion, Cebu.

* Mindoro Bleeding-heart. (Gallicolumba platenae). Endemic to the island of Mindoro, this species of bleeding-heart has an extremely small and fragmented population. Habitat destruction and illegal trade contribute to their population decline.

* Sulu Bleeding-heart (Gallicolumba menagei). Ground-feeder but roosts and nests on bushes or vines. The rarest of the bleeding-hearts and has not been sighted or collected since the early 1900s. Recent efforts to located this species on Tawi-Tawi by Desmond Allen have been unsuccessful.

* Negros Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus arcanus). Single specimen was obtained at 1090m on a steep slope in mid-mountain forest. No breeding information.

* Dark-eared Brown Dove (Phapiteron cinereiceps). A medium sized brown down, sexes similar, Generally found in forest, singly or in pairs, usually in middlestory or canopy. These are found in the lowlands.

Source: eesp.freeservers.com

* Sulu Hornbill (Anthracoceros montani). One of the most threatened species in the country, the Sulu Hornbill is endemic to the tiny island of Sulu in Mindanao. It is highly threatened by the destruction of forests and uncontrolled hunting.

* Walden's Hornbill (Aceros Waldeni Sharpe). Guimaras (though likely to be extinct), low population levels in Negros and Panay. Noisy, and conspicuous in pairs or in small groups, in forest canopy but may be seen in tree clearings upto 1000 m.

* Mindoro Hornbill (Penelopides mindorensis). Noisy, in pairs or in small groups, in forest and forest edge up to 1500 m. Usually doesn't fly above the canopy but tends to dart between treetops. Flies with alternate flying and gliding. Often seen perched on exposed branches or dead snags. Breeding recorded in May. Known to lay 3 eggs in tree cavities with the female enclosed in the cavity during incubation.

* Visayan Hornbill (Penelopides Panini). Smallest hornbill in the Philippines.

* Black-hooded (Coucal Centropus steerii). Sukut-sukut. A ground brid; a poor flier; moves from branch to branch by hopping or gliding; probably solitary.

* Blue-winged Raquet-tail (Prioniturus verticalis). Forests and mangroves of Tawi-tawi, Bongao, Sibutu, Manuk Manka and Tumindao.

* Philippine Eagle-Owl (Bubo philippensis). Luzon, Catanduanes, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao (WCSP, 1997); Range: 2 races - philippinensis: Catanduanes and Luzon, mindanensis: Bohol(Brooks and Dutson 1997), Leyte, Mindanao and Samar.

* Giant Scops Owl (Mimizuku gurneyi). Lesser Eagle Owl. Mindanao, Dinagat and Siargao (WCSP, 1997); Lives in forest and forest edge usually foraging high in the understory. Ranges from the lowlands to about 1500m, higher on some mountains. Has been found in small clumps of trees in grasslands, far away from the forest. During day, roosts haunched against trucks of trees between forks.

* Philippine Hawk - Eagle (Spizaetus philippensis). Lowland and Mid-montane forest. Found throut the Philippines except in palawan, it inhabits lowland and mountain forests, where it soars over the canopy announcing it's prescence with the distinctive "wheet-whit".

* Basilan Island Caecilian (Ichthyophis glandulosus). Adults inhabit rotting logs and duff on the forest floor; larvae in pools of clear, unpolluted mountin streams. Color in preservative brown to purplish brown. Altitudinal distribution is from sea level to ca 1,000m (at Mt. Malindang). Range: Basilan

* Hazel's Forest Frog (Platymantis hazelae). Negros and Masbate Islands. A medium-sized to large Platymantis with tips of fingers and toes dilated into disks, those of fingers slightly broader. No arcolations in groin region and hind limbs. No horn on upper eyelid is seen.

* Island Forest Frog (Platymantis insulatus). Known only in the Gigante Islands, Iloilo province. Inhabits the forest floor near or at the entrances of the limestone caves at about 66 meters elevation in type locality.

* Brown and Alcala's Sierra Madres Frog (Rana tipanan). upper montane forest at 1500m above sea level at Mt Cetaceo and along the Kabatangan Tributary in the Aurora National Park in the Sierra Madres Mountain Range.

* Eotetranychus spanius (Eotetranychus spanius). Baguio City. This species is only known from a type series which was collected on Psidium guajava from Baguio City. The aedeagus is slightly bent ventrad and tapered to an acuminate point. Eight tactile setae are located on tibia II of the female, and the genital flap and area just anterior to it are transversely striated.